IRREGULAR ‘IR’ VERB
The ‘ir’ verbs take the following endings in their conjugated form:
- Je ( J’)– is
- Tu – is
- Il/Elle/on – it
- Nous – issons
- Vous – issez
- Ils/Elles – issent
| Pronoun | Ending | Add to stem e.g Finir | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Je (J’) | is | Je finis | I finish / I am finishing |
| Tu | is | Tu finis | you finish
you are finishing |
| Il/Elle/on | it | Il finit / elle finit / on finit | he / she/one finishes
he/she/one is finishing |
| Nous | issons | nous finissons | we finish
we are finishing |
| Vous | issez | vous finissez | You finish
you are finishing |
| ils/elle | issent | ils finissent
elles finissent |
they finish
they are finishing |
Ex : Le cours finit à onze heures. (The lesson finishes at eleven o’clock.)
Je finis mes devoirs. (I ‘m finishing my homework.)
(ii). Fuir : Flee (The ‘i’ becomes ‘y’ with nous and vous:)
je fuis I flee
tu fuis you flee
il/elle/on fuit he/she/it flees
nous fuyons we flee
vous fuyez you flee
ils/elles fuient they flee
(iii). mourir : die ( has two radicals:)
Je meurs I die
tu meurs you die
Il/elle/on meurt he/she/one dies
nous mourons we die
vous mourez you die
ils/elles meurent they die
(iv). tenir (to hold ) , venir ( to come ) and their derivatives (e.g appartenir,revenir) have three radicals:
je tiens I hold Je viens I come
tu tiens you hold tu viens you come
il/elle/on tient he/she/one holds il/elle/on vient he/she/one come
nous tenons we hold nous venons we come
vous tenez You hold vous venez you come
ils/elles tiennent they hold ils/elles viennent they come
Verbs in OIR
(i). Verb in -voir (apart from avoir): the ‘i’ becomes ‘y’ with nous and vous
Ex: Voir:
je vois I see
tu vois you see
il/elle/on voit he/she/we see
nous voyons we see
vous voyez you see
ils /elles voient they see
(ii).Verbs in -cevoir: note the ‘ç’ before the ‘o’ , and note the difference between them and verbs in – voir
ex: recevoir :
je reçois I receive
tu reçois you receive
il/elle reçoit he/she receives
nous recevons we receive
vous recevez you receive
ils/elles reçoivent they receive
(iii). Savoir and valoir have two radicals : one for the singular and one for the plural.
je sais I know je vaux I am worth
tu sais you know tu vaux You are worth
il/elle sait he/she/on knows il/elle vaut he/she/one is worth
nous savons we know nous valons We are worth
vous savez you know vous valez you are worth
ils/elles savent they know ils/elles valent they are worth
(iv). devoir,pouvoir and vouloir have three radicals.
devoir (must) pouvoir ( can) vouloir ( to want)
je dois I must je peux I can je veux I want
tu dois you must tu peux you can tu veux You want
il/elle doit he/she must il/elle/on peut He/she/one can il/elle/on veut He/she/it want
nous devons we must nous pouvons We can nous voulons we want
vous devez you must vous pouvez you can vous voulez you want
ils doivent they must ils/elles peuvent They can ils/elles veulent they want
